โหราศาสตร์พระเวท(ภารตะ)

"PHALA DEEPIKA"

Chapter 1

Information and characteristic features

of the Signs (Rasis) and the houses (Bhavas)

1. May the Supreme Divine Light (the Sun) who once above the horizon remains on end in view for six months (solar) to the pole dwelling Celestials, for half a month (Lunar) to the Moon dwelling manes and for 12 hours (entire day time) to the earth dwelling mortals and some times changes his direction to the north (Uttarayan) and some-times to the south (Dakshinayan), bless us with unlimited prosperity, good luck, splendor and beatitude.

2. I, the astrologer Mantreswara, first offer my respectful obeisance to Saraswati, the Goddess of speech and learning, to my family deity, to my preceptors, to the nine planets (the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Rahu and Ketu) to Lord Ganesha and Lord Shiva who bestow knowledge of the past, present and. future, and then give here for the benefit of astrologers a lucid version in a simple manner of the teachings of sages Atri and Parasara.

3. The first thing is to ascertain the exact time of birth of the native minutely in Ghatikas, Vighatikas etc., on the basis of tool measurement or by the gnomonic shadow and other apparatus. Then the positions of the planets (longitude) in Rasi (sign), amsa (degrees), Kala (minutes), and Vikala should be worked out by actual observation and mathematical instruments. The assessment of results should be made thereafter by taking into account the longitudes of the various houses (Bhavaspast) and the strength of the houses and the planets.

4. Assuming that the horoscope represents the Kalapurusha, then the parts of the body beginning with the Ascendant (Lagna) will be as under:

First house (Lagna-Ascendant)                                — the head

Second house                                                          — the face

Third house                                                                             — the breast

Fourth house                                                           — the heart

Fifth house                                                                              — the belly

Sixth house                                                                              — the waist

Seventh house                                                         — the groins

Eighth house                                                            — the private parts (Sexual organs)

Ninth house                                                                             — the two thighs

Tenth house                                                                             — the two knees

Eleventh house                                                        — the two calves

Twelfth house                                                          — the two feet

The end portions of the signs Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces are known as Rasi-Sandhisj. There are other learneds who apply this term to the end portions of all signs.

Notes — The house which is occupied or aspected by benefits or whose lord is bestowed with strength, the part of the body represented by that house will be strong and well built. If the lord of a house be weak or be occupied or otherwise afflicted by a malefic, the corresponding part of the body will be weak or diseased.

5. The dwelling of the twelve signs Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces are — (1) forest (2) agricultural land with water (3) bedroom (4) chasm with water (5) mountain (6) land with water and food crops (7) house of a Vaishya (8) cavity or a hole (9) residence of the king (10) watery forests (11) the spot frequented or used by potters and (12) water, in that order.

Notes — Generally this information proves useful in queries regarding theft of articles or missing persons etc.

6. The lords of the twelve signs are as under:

Aries – Mars                            Libra - Venus

Taurus – Venus                       Scorpio - Mars

Gemini - Mercury                    Sagittarius - Jupiter

Cancer - The Moon  Capricorn - Saturn

Leo - The Sun                          Aquarius - Saturn

Virgo - Mercury                       Pisces - Jupiter

The signs of exaltation and fall of the seven planets from the Sun onwards are as under —

This means that the seventh or the opposite sign from the sign of exaltation of a planet, is the sign of fall or debilitation.

Notes— There is great difference of opinion amongst the ancient learneds about the exaltation and debilitation signs of Rahu and Ketu. Mantreswara has expressed no opinion in that regard. According to Sarvarth Chintamani the exaltation sign of Rahu is Gemini and his sign of debilitation is Sagittarius. Reverse is the case with Ketu. According to Brihat Parasara Hora Sastra Taurus and Scorpio are respectively the exaltation signs of Rahu and Ketu and the signs opposite to them are their signs of debilitation.

The highest points of exaltation and the lowest points of debilitation of the various planets are as under:

Notes — For example Jupiter at the 5th degree of Cancer will be in deep exaltation. Then he moves downwards from that point and gets into deep debilition when he reaches 5th degree of Capricorn.

7. The Moolatrikona signs of the planets the Sun onward are Leo, Taurus, Aries, Virgo, Sagittarius, Libra and Aquarius respectively. Below are given the portions of the own sign and Moolatrikona from the Sun onwards :—

The various signs have been classified as biped or human signs, reptile or (Keeta) or centipeds, watery or quadruped (Chatuspada) as detailed below :

8. The signs which rise with their back (Prishtodaya) are Taurus. Cancer, Aries and Capricorn. The signs which rise both from their back and front (Ubhayodaya) are Gemini and Pisces. The rest appear with their heads are called Sirsodaya signs.

The Prishtodaya signs Taurus, Cancer, Sagittarius, Aries and Capricorn and the Ubhayodaya sign Gemini fall under the jurisdiction of the Moon and are termed as nocturnal (strong at night). The other signs are governed by the Sun and are known as diurnal signs (strong during day time).

Count from the sign last passed by the Sun. The first sign is called Urdhawa (bending upwards) the second sign is known as Adah (beneath), the third sign is termed Sama (even) and the fourth sign is known as Vakra (Crooked). The same order applies for the other eight signs.

Notes — For example the Sun has last passed Virgo. Then the signs from Virgo to Leo will be in this order - Kanya - Urdhava, Adah, Even, Vakra, Urdhava, Adah, Even, Vakra, Urdhava, Adah, Even.

9. The following are some farther classifications and indications of the twelve signs —

The six houses from the 7th represent the left side limbs of the Kalapurusha, while the other six houses i.e. those reckoned from the Ascendant represent right side limbs.

10. [In a birth chart there are twelve house. Each house has been given several names indicating the various subjects it deals with.]

The names by which the first house or the Ascendant is known are Lagna, Hora, Kalya, Deha, Udaya, Rupa, Seersha, Vartmana (present) and Janma.

The second house deals with Vitta (wealth), Vidya (learning). Swa, Annapana (riches, food and drinks), Bhukti (eating), the right eye, face (Asya), letter or document (Patrika), Speech (Vak) and Kutumba (family) and thus adopts these appellations.

11.-12. — The names given (or the subjects allotted) to third house are Duschikya, Uras (breast), the right ear, army valour, prowess and brother.

The subjects or designations for the fourth house are house, land, maternal uncle, a sister's son, a relation, a friend, conveyance, mother, kingdom, cow, buffalo, perfume, clothes, ornaments, the nadir, hibuka, sukha (happiness), water, bridge and river.

The fifth house deals with (and has designations accordingly) the mark of the sovereign, taxes, soul, intelligence, knowledge of the future, life, progeny, belly, Vedic knowledge and other religious scriptures.

13. — The sixth house deals with debts, arms, thieves, wounds, diseases, enemies, paternal relations, battle, wicked acts, sins, fear and humilialtion.

The subjects dealt with by the seventh house are desire, passion, setting, sexual desire, a way, people, husband road and wife.

14. — For the eighth house subjects allotted are Mangalya (the living of the husband during the life time of the wife), Randhra, filthiness, mental pain, defeat or humiliation, longevity, sorrow, blame, death, impurity impediments and slavery.

The ninth house deals with preceptor (guru), deity (devta), father, auspiciousness, poorvabhagya (previous luck), worship, penance, virtuous act or virtue, grand son, and noble family. (Some of the learneds in the North are of the view that all about father should be examined from the 10th house, because 10th is 7th to the 4th house dealing with the father. The view of Phaladeepika seems to be based on the logic that the 9th being 5th to 5th house (dealing with progeny) should be the most appropriate house to be connected with father).

15. The subjects (names) designated for the 10th house are business or trade, ranker position, honour, occupation, profession, sky or zenith, conduct, quality, inclination, gait, command and Meshurana (to give orders).

The matters to be considered from the eleventh house are gains, income, acquisition, receipt of wealth, accomplishment, splendor and prosperity, profits, veneration, elder brother or sister, left ear, anything juicy, delightful news.

16. The expressions used for the twelfth house are misery, leg, left eye, loss, spy, last rites, poverty, sins, bad expenditure and imprisonment or confinement.

Described above are the designations of the twelve houses or the subject matters to be examined from them. The 3rd, the 6th, the 8th and 12th are known as Leena Sthanas (hidden houses).

17. The 6th, the 8th and 12th houses are also called Dusthanas (evil houses). The remaining houses are considered good and auspicious. The 1st, 4th, 7th and the 10th houses are termed as Kendra, Kantaka or Chatushtaya.

18. The 2nd, the 5th, the 8th and 11th houses from the Ascendant are called Panaphara houses. The 3rd, the 6th, the 9th and the 12th are termed as Apoklima houses. The 4th and the 8th are also known as Chaturasra houses. The 3rd, the 6th, the 10th and 11th are Upachaya houses. The 5th and 9th are called trines (Trikona houses). The trines have been considered as very auspicious houses.

Thus ends the first chapter on "Definitions" in Phaladeepika composed by Mantreswara.

Chapter 2

Information and Characteristic features of planets

Before we come to the verses of this chapter it is necessary to explain its objects. In the previous chapter it has been described what each house stands for. It is proposed to state in this chapter what purpose and what object each planet signifies.

If a house stands for a certain subject matter, the lord of the house will also be considered to be concerned with it. For example, the 6th house deals with enemies. Naturally the same subject will have to be examined from the lord of the 6th house. This is so because of his lordship of the 6th house. Here we have to consider also the natural or inherent characteristics and functions of that planet. Let us suppose that in ten birth charts, the Sun is lord of the ten different houses. There is doubt that as lord of the Ascendant Sun will function in that capacity and as lord of the 2nd. he will be concerned with wealth; but he will also, in course of its effects, will produce results of his inherent qualities and characteristics. This is what is intended to be explained in this chapter.

1. The Sun is the singnificator of the person's collection of copper and gold, and of father, patience, valour, victory in war, one's soul (Atman), auspiciousness, happiness, prowess, power, light, any work relating to Lord Shiva, travels in forests and mountains, havans or yajnas, Inclinations for work, temple, acuteness, enthusiasm. Wise men should act according to these significations.

2. The Moon is the signiflcator of the welfare of the mother, tranquilityof the mind, bathing in the sea, white chamar, umbrella, good fan, fruits, flowers, tender objects, farming grains, fame, pearls, silver, bell metal, beauty. In other words all about the above matters should be ascertained from the Moon.

3. All about one's strength (physical and mental), products produced from the earth, qualities of the brothers and sisters, cruelty, battle, courage, antagonism, the fire of the kitchen, gold, kinsmen, weapons, thieves, enemies, enthusiasm, sexual intercourse with another man's wife, falsehood, prowess, high thinking, sin, wounds, and acquisition of the position of a commander-in-chief should be ascertained from Mars.

In other words Mars is the signiflcator of these matters.

4. From Mercury is to be ascertained all about learning, eloquence, proficiency in arts, praise by learned people, maternal uncle, dexterity in speech, aptness for acquiring knowledge, expertise in ways of worship, intelligence, religious acts relating to Lord Shiva, truthfulness, oyster, spots of recreation and enjoyment, skill in mechanical arts, kinsmen, heir apparent, friends, sister's sons and daughters etc.

5. Jupiter is concerned with matters relating to knowledge, noble qualities, sons (progeny), minister, good behavior, imparting knowledge or teaching, magnanimity, knowledge of shruties, shastras, smrities, progress in every direction, beautitude, devotion towards gods and Brahmins, sacrifice, penance, religious faith, treasury, mastering the senses, honour, kindness and happiness of the husband.

Note — In a female's horoscope Jupiter should be taken as the significator of the husband. In a male's horoscope Jupiter, among other matters, is the significator for progeny (San tan Karaka).

6. All about one's wealth, conveyances, clothes, ornaments, treasures (including hidden treasures), amalgam of song, dance and instrumental music, scents, flowers, co-habitation, bed, house, richness, fondness for poetry, Indulgence in all kinds of comforts and luxuries, ministership, soft-spokenness, marriage and other holy deeds, celebrations, etc., should be ascertained through Venus.

Note — In a male's horoscope all about the happiness of wife and marital happiness should be considered through Venus. Venus is the significator for wife in such a chart.

Significator is of very great importance in assessing a birth chart. For example on a particular case of Aquarius Ascendant, the native was of about 22 years with the Dasa of Venus in operation. Some astrologers predicted that the marriage of the native would take place in his 24th years after the commencement of the Dasa of the Sun lord of the 7th house. The marriage actually took place in the Dasa of Venus.

7. The significations of Saturn are longevity, death, fear, downfall, disgrace, sickness, unhappiness and misery, poverty, humiliation, sins, labour, filth, censure, misfortune, impurity of mind, observance of certain formalities after death in the family, stability, taking shelter from menials, buffaloe, drowsiness, debts, articles of iron, service, slavery, confinement, getting arrested, agricultural implements etc.

Notes — In verses 8 to 14 we shall deal with the features and temperament of the planets and their utility in the judgement of a birth chart. A planet in the Ascendant of a nativity bestows his qualities and characteristics to the native. If in a person's chart Mars is in the Ascendant, the native will have an aggressive temperament. He will be courageous and fond of quarrels and fights. The sign in which Mars is posited in the Ascendant will also have its influence. If a Mars with strength is in the Ascendant, the native will fight wars with valour as a commander. If such Mars is weak, the native is likely to pick up petty and mean type of quarrels. If there is no planet in the Ascendant the native assumes the appearance and characteristics of the lord of the Ascendant. The planets who aspect the Ascendant also inject the Influence of their characteristics and temperament in the native. If a planet in any chart becomes the cause of any disease, the nature of the disease will be according to the temperament of that planet. For example, the Sun will cause bilious troubles and Saturn will give windy troubles.

8. The temperament of the Sun is bilious. He has strong bones in his body. He has scanty hair. He has a dark red form. His eyes are of reddish-brown color. He is dressed in red colored clothes. His body is square built. He is brave and possesses massive arms.

9. The body of the Moon is huge. She is young as well as old. She is lean and thin and white. Her eyes are attractive and her hair is black and thin. She has jurisdiction over blood. She is soft-spoken. She is dressed in white colored clothes and possesses fair complexion. She is mild in temperament and has wind and phlegm in her composition.

10. Mars has lean waist. His hair is curly and bright. There is cruelty (fierceness) in his look. He has a cruel nature and is bilious. He is dressed in red clothes and his body has a red hue. He is wrathful but exceedingly generous. He looks youthful and has jurisdiction over marrow in the body.

Notes — Mars is said to be youthful in appearance. The implication of this is if Mars is strong in the Ascendant or as lord of the Ascendant, the native will have a youthful appearance even if he is older in age.

11. Mercury is green like Durva (a kind of grass). There is mixture of wind, bile and phlegm in his composition. His body is full of veins. He is soft-spoken by nature. He has a balanced built (that is, his limbs are in even proportion). He is fond of fun and frolic. He governs the skin.

12. Jupiter has a body with a yellowish hue. His eyes and hair are brown. His chest is firm and elevated. He has a huge body. Phlegm is predominant in his composition. He is very intelligent. His voice is like that of a lion or the sound of a conch. He is always after wealth (Jupiter has therefore been considered as signiflcator of wealth).

13. Venus is dressed in clothes of various colors. He possesses curly hair. He has a huge body with similar limbs. Phlegm and wind are predominant in his composition. His body is of the color of Durva sprout. He has a very beautiful appearance. He has broad eyes. He has well maintained his virile power (Venus has jurisdiction over semen in the body).

14. Saturn is lame. His eyes are deepset. He has a large but lean body full of veins. He is lazy by nature. The color of his body is black. There is predominance of wind in his composition. He is hard hearted and backbiter. He is dull-headed. His teeth and nails are large. His hair and limbs are stiff. He is impure. He has a fierce appearance and is ill tempered by nature. He is dressed in black clothes. He looks old.

15. The places governed by the Sun are a Shiva temple, open spaces, places where there is light, regions where there is no water and the Eastern quarter.

The Moon has jurisdiction over the temple of Goddess Durga, places inhabited by women, places where water, medicinal herbs, honey and wine are available and the North-Western quarter.

The places concerned with Mars are the battle field, those where there is fire, those inhabited by thieves and low people and the Southern quarter.

The governance of Mercury extends to places where there is a temple of Lord Vishnu, those frequented by men of learning, those of recreation, those where Mathematics is practiced and the Northern quarter.

16. Jupiter has jurisdiction over treasury, peepal trees, places, inhabited by gods and Brahmins, and the North-Eastern quarter.

The places coming under the administration of Venus are abodes of courtesans, the harem, bed rooms, dining halls, and the South-Eastern quarter.

Saturn rules over places inhabited by low class people, temple of Shasta (a deity), those which are full of filth and the Western quarter.

The places belonging to Rahu and Ketu are the ant-hills, the dark holes of serpents and the South-Western quarter.

17-20. A worshipper of Lord Shiva, a physician (Vaidya), a king, one who performs yajna, a minister, tiger, deer and chako (the ruddy goose) are the significations of the Sun.

The Moon rules over worship of Shasta (a deity) females, a washerman, a cultivator, an animal living in water, a hare, an antelope crane, birds known as Bagula and Chakor.

Mars has jurisdiction over a cook (in the kitchen), an armed person, a goldsmith, a ram, a cock, a jackal, a monkey, a vulture and a thief.

Mercury is concerned with a milkman, a person of learning, an artisan, an expert accountant, a devotee of Lord Vishnu, Garuda, a Chataka, a parrot and a cat.

An astrologer, a minister, a Brahmin, a preceptor, a sanyasi, and important personage, a pigeon, a horse and swan belong to Jupiter.

A wealthy man, a songster, a Vaishya (businessman), a sensualist, a dancer, a weaver, a prostitute, a peacock, a cow, a buffaloe and a parrot are represented by Venus.

Saturn has influence over a seller or buyer of oil. servant, a mean person, a hunter, a blacksmith, an elephant, a crow and a cuckoo.

A Buddhist, a snake catcher, a donkey, a wolf, a camel, a serpent or snake, mosquitoes, a bug, insects, an owl and a place of darkness are signified by Rahu and Ketu.

21-22. In these verses has been described the friendship, enmity and neutrality of the various planets to each other. This is summarized in the table given below:

23. Planets are mutually friendly for the time being when they occupy the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th and 12th houses from one another. (This means that planets occupying the 1st, 5th, 6th 7th, 8th, and 9th from one another are mutually inimical). After taking into account the natural friendship and enmity, it should be deduced whether they are friendly, very friendly, neutral, inimical and very inimical to one another.

Note — Apart from the neutral or natural friendship and enmity amongst the planets, account is taken of the for the time being (Tatkalik) enmity and friendship amongst the planets as posited in a particular birth chart. The planets posited in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 11th and 12th from a particular planet are his friends for the time being. The 1st, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th from him become his enemies for the time being. After taking into account the natural relationship, we come to know what their actual relationship is in a particular birth chart. This is done in the following manner :

All planets cast a quarter glance at the 3rd and 10th houses, half a glance at the 5th and 9th houses, three-quarters of a glance at the 4th and 8th houses and full glance at the 7th house. However, the aspects of Saturn on the 3rd and 10th houses from him, of Jupiter on the 5th and 9th houses from him and of Mars on the 4th and 8th houses are also treated as full aspects.

24. The following table shows the periods, castes, gunas (Satwa, Rajas, and Tamas) and the seasons governed by the various planets according to this verse.

25. The Sun is signiflcator of father if the birth is during the day time and uncle if the birth is during night time. He has special influence on the right eye.

The Moon is the indicator of mother if the birth is during night time and of maternal aunt if the birth is during day time. She has special influence on the left eye.

Mars is the signiflcator of younger brother. Mercury signifies adopted son. Jupiter represents elder brother.

Venus is the signiflcator of mother if the birth is during day time and of maternal aunt if the birth takes place at night.

Saturn represents the uncle if the birth takes place during the day and of father if the birth is during night time.

26. The Sun represents the soul and the Moon the body. Mars and the other four planets denote the five senses. The Sun and Mars govern Teja and have influence over eye sight. The Moon and Venus rule over the generative organs because they govern the watery element. Mercury governs smell (nose). Jupiter governs sound (the capacity to hear). Saturn, Rahu and Ketu govern the touch.

Rahu, Ketu and Gulik are enemies of the Sun and will cause distress to the body and the soul.

27. The waning Moon, the Sun, Mars, Saturn, Rahu and Ketu are classified as malefic planets. Mercury if associated with them becomes malefic.

Notes — The waxing Moon and Mercury not associated with malefics will be treated as benefic.

Mercury, Ketu and Saturn are eunuchs. The Moon, Rahu and Venus are females. The Sun, Mars and Jupiter are males. The Sun belongs to the fiery element and his ruling deity is Rudra. The Moon belongs to the watery element and her ruling deity is Amba (Parvati). The ruling deities of Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn Rahu and Ketu are Kartika, Vishnu, Brahma, Lakshmi and Yama. Serpent Adhishesha and Braham respectively.

Fire, water, fire, earth, ether, water and air are the constituents respectively of the planets from Sun to Saturn.

28. The grains ruled by various planets are as under :—

Sun - Wheat, Moon – rice, Mars - Dhal, Mercury - Green Gram, Jupiter - Bengal gram, Venus - Cow gram, Saturn – Sesamum, Rahu - Black gram, and Ketu - horse gram.

The countries related to the various planets are —

29. The gems allotted to the various planets are as under - Sun - Ruby, Moon - Pure spotless pearl. Mars - Coral, Mercury - Emerald shaped like Garuda, Jupiter - Yellow sapphire, Venus - Diamond, Saturn - stainless Sapphire, Rahu - Gomedha and Ketu - Cat's eye.

Notes — The purpose of indicating the gems ruled by the various planets is to use them for alleviating the miseries caused by their malevolence and to accelerate their good effects. For fuller details in this regard refer to our book "Gems and Astrology" published by Rajan Publications.

30-32. The substances assigned to the planets from the Sun to Saturn, articles of their apparel and their tastes are as follows. The clothes will be of the same color as belongs to the planets.

The clothes of Mars are slightly burnt and those of Saturn are like a rag (old and worn out).

Rahu is also to represent the age of 100 years.

Notes — The above information is generally useful in queries.

33. Rahu is blue colored. He has a huge body. He is of a low caste. He has got skin disease. He is irreligious. He suffers from hic-cough.

He speaks falsehood. He is cunning, a leper devoid of Intelligence and defames others.

34. The eyes of Ketu are reddish with a fierce look. He has a venomous tongue. His body is elevated. He wears arms and is an outcaste. His body is of smoky color. He is always inhaling smoke (smoking). He has a body marked with bruises. He is lean and brutal by nature.

35. The substance assigned to Rahu is lead and his clothes are old and worn out. An earthen pot and garments of variegated colors belong to Ketu.

Mercury, Saturn and Venus are the friends of Rahu and Ketu. Mars is neutral to them. The rest are enemies.

36. The planets should be considered adversely disposed, if they are eclipsed (by the rays of the Sun), debilitated (be in a sign of debilitation or Navamsa), if they are in any enemy's house or if they occupy the 6th, 8th or the 12th house from the Ascendant. If they occupy other places, they are said to be well disposed.

If there be a query whether the water in a reservoir (or in an irrigation project) will increase or decrease, increase in water should be predicted if the Moon be in the 12th 11th, 1st, 6th. 5th or the 7th house at the time of the query.

Notes — The Moon is said to be eclipsed if she is 12° away from the Sun. Mars is eclipsed when he is 17° away from the Sun. Mercury in direct motion is eclipsed when he is 14° away from the Sun. Retrograde Mercury is eclipsed when he is 12° away form the Sun. Jupiter, Venus and Saturn are said to be eclipsed if they are 11°, 10° and 15° respectively away from the Sun. A retrograde Venus is eclipsed if he is 8° away from the Sun.

37. The various kinds of trees and plants signified by the different planets are as follows :—

Sun - Strong and tall, Moon and Venus - Creeping plants, Rahu and Ketu - Clump of a tree or bush Mars and Saturn - Thorny trees, Jupiter - Fruit bearing trees. Mercury - Fruitless trees.

The trees which blossom and which supply some kind of juice belong to the Moon and Venus. The trees which are juiceless or weak come under the jurisdiction of Saturn. Saal trees are ruled by Rahu.

Thus ends the second chapter on "Planets and their Varieties" In Phaladeepika composed by Mantreswara.

Chapter 3

Divisions of a sign

1. The ten-fold division of the Zodiac is known as Dasa vargas (Vargas mean divisions). Under the scheme of Dasavarga the various divisions are as Under :—

Vargottama is the name given to that particular Navamsa in a Rasi which bears the same sign as that of Rasi itself.

2. If amongst the ten vargas only the Rasi, Hora, Drekkana, Navamsa, Dwadasamsa and Trimsamsa are taken into consideration, the divisions are known as Shad vargas. If we add Saptamsa division to them, the 7 kinds of divisions are known as Sapta vargas.

Some learneds have taken the view that the effect emanating from Navamsa is equal to that of Rasi and Bhava.

3. In Rasis the effect is full. In the Shodasamsa, Dasmamsa and Shastyamsa divisions (Vargas) it is one-fourth. In the other vargas it is half. In an odd Rasi, the planets are said to be in 'infancy, in boyhood, youth, in middle age and in very old age (near death), according to first, second, third, fourth and last six degree portions respectively reached by them in a sign. But in an even sign this is in the reverse order.

Notes — In Aries, Gemini, Leo, Libra, Sagittarius and Aquarius there is infancy up to 6 degrees, up to 12° boyhood, from there to 18° it is youth and up to 24° it is middle age and the last 6° comprise the very old age. It is reverse in the case of even signs viz., Taurus, Cancer, Virgo, Scorpio, Capricorn and Pisces.

4. Hora is half of a Rasi. In an odd sign, the halves belong, to the Sun and the Moon and to the Moon and the Sun when the sign is an even one.

The Drekkana or third portions of a sign belong to the lords of the sign itself, of the 5th house and of the 9th house.

The owners of the Dwadasamas or l/12th portion of a sign are counted from that sign.

In an odd sign the Trimsamsas or degrees, that is, l/30th portions belonging to Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury and Venus are respectively 5, 5, 8, 7 and 5. In an even sign it is reversed. Then Venus. Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn and Mars have 5, 7, 8, 5 and 5 degrees respectively.

The first Navamsa in the signs from Aries onwards begins respectively with Aries, Capricorn, Libra and Cancer.

5. In an odd sign in Krura Shastyamsas or inauspicious l/60th portions are 1st. 2nd, 8th, 9th. 10th, 11th. 12th. 15th, 18th, 30th, 31st. 32nd. 33rd. 34th, 35th, 39th. 40th, 42nd, 43rd, 44th. 48th, 51st. 52nd and 59th. The rest are Saumya or auspicious ones. In the case of an even sign it is necessary, that is, the Shastyamsa portions stated Krura in the odd signs are the Saumya ones in the even signs and vice versa.

6. The Saptamsas or the l/7th portion are in the case of an odd sign, counted regularly from the sign itself. In the case of an even sign, they are counted from 7th sign onwards.

In the case of an odd sign, the Dasamamsas or 1/10th portions are counted from the sign itself. In the case of an even sign, they are counted from the 9th onwards. The lords of the Shodasamsas or the 1/16th portions in the case of an odd sign are those of the 12th sign counted from that sign Brahma, Vishnu, Hora and Ravi. In an even sign this is reversed.

If we have to assess the comparative strength of a planet, we should find out whether he is in a kendra, trikona, in his own sign, in his moolatrikona sign, in his sign of exaltation or is vargottama. Then we should scrutinize its portion in Dasavarga or Saptavarga. Some make the assessment only from Dasavarga, others assess the strength and auspiciousness of a planet from thirteen vargas.

7. The position of a planet has to be considered with reference to 13 vargas to ascertain whether he is in his friend's house, his own house or in his house of exaltation. The number of such vargas obtained by the planet will result in the attainment of the following kinds of vaiseshikamsas. The combination of 2, 3. 4, 5, 6. 7, 8 and 9 vargas are respectively called Parijat, Uttama, Gopura, Simhasana, Parvata. Devaloka, Suraloka and Airavata.

Shri V. Subrahmanya Sastri in his English Translation and Commentary of this work has given the following example. Suppose Jupiter's position is 8-l°-25'-l" or the 2nd Degree of Dhanus. He occupies his (1) Moolatrikona (2) Drekkana (3) Saptamsa (4) Dasamsa (5) Dwadasamsa and (5) Shodasamsa. Thus Jupiter should be declared to have attained a Parvatamsa.

8-9. The results of a planet attaining various Vaiseshikamsas are as follows:

Parijat amsa — Respectability, good qualities, wealth, happiness, authority and dignity.

Uttamamsa — Modest, clever and well-behaved.

Gopuramsa — Intelligence, wealth, acquisition of lands, cows and house.

Simhasanamsa — Makes the native friend of a king or equal to him.

Paravatamsa — Acquisition of good houses, elephants, vehicles and other princely appendages.

Devalokamsa — Kingship, renown for good qualities.

Suralokamsa — Endowment with good fortune, acquisition of wealth, grains, and kingship and birth of children.

10. If in a nativity a planet be weak in all the 10 vargas the result will be the death of the native. If the planets be weak in 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 out of the 10 vargas the results will be as follows: —

9 Vargas — Destruction of the native.

8 Vargas — Grief to the native.

7 Vargas — Calamity.

6 Vargas — Unhappiness.

5 Vargas — Love of kinsmen

4 Vargas — Foremost in the family

3 Vargas — Friend of a king

2 Vargas — Wealthy

1 Varga — Kingship

If a planet be strong in all the 10 Vargas, the native will be a king of kings.

A planet in infancy makes the native progressing. If he is in boyhood the native achieves happiness. If the planet be adolescent, he endows the native with kingship. The native suffers from ill health If the planet be in middle age. The planet in old age causes death of the native.

Notes — This means that a planet from infancy to youth gives progressively auspicious results and from middle age to old age the results are inauspicious.

11. If the benefic planets be endowed with strength in the Shadvargas, the native will be wealthy and longlived. If the Ascendant falls in the Krura amsas in the Shadvargas, the native will be shortlived, poor and of wicked disposition but if the lord of Amsas in which the Ascendant falls, be strong, the person concerned will become a king (a person with a high status political or administrative).

If the lord of the Navamsa of the Ascendant be strong, the native will be lull of happiness. If the lord of the Drekkana of the Ascendant be strong, the person concerned will achieve the status like that of a king. If the lord of the Ascendant itself be strong, the native will become the ruler of the Earth and will enjoy good fortune.

12. If in any nativity, malefics being in odd signs fall In the Sun's Hora (first 15 degrees), the native will be cruel strong and wealthy. Opposite to this, if the benefics being In even signs occupy the Moon's Hora (first 15 degrees), the native will be lustrous, humble, soft-spoken, graceful and fortunate. If it be otherwise, the results will also be of the same nature. If the dispositions be of mixed nature, the results may be expected accordingly.

If in any nativity, the Ascendant and the Moon be both strong and the lords of the Ascendant and the Moon's sign be also equally strong, the native will be long-lived, happy and renowned.

13. The appearances of the Drekkanas are as under The last Drekkanas or decanats of Leo, Aries, Sagittarius, Libra and Gemini, the first decanates of Sagittarius and Aries and second ones of Virgo and Gemini are called Ayudha Drekkanas or 'armed' decanates. The second decanate of Scorpio is called 'Pasa' (noose). The first decanate of Capricorn is called 'Nigala'. The first decanates of Leo and Aquarius and second one of Libra are vulture faced. The first decanate of Taurus is like a 'Pakshi' (bird) and the first decanate of Cancer has a face like a pig.

14. The first decanate of Scorpio and third ones of Cancer and Pisces are called Serpent decanates. The second decanates of Aries and Taurus, the first of Leo and last of Scorpio are named as quadruped decanates.

The persons born when these decanates are rising will be poor, cruel and unscrupulous.

In a dual sign, the three decanates in their order will be Adhama (bad), Madhyama (moderate) and Uttama (good). In the case of a moveable sign, the order is reversed, that is, the first will be Uttama and the second madhyama and the last Adhama. In a fixed sign the order will be Adhama, Uttama and Madhyama. The effects will be in accordance with the names of the decanates.

15. If the lord of the Lagna Drekkana be in his own varga, be associated with a benefic or be in his sign of exaltation or friendly house; if the rising Trimsamsa, Dwadasamsa or Hora endowed with strength be in a similar position, the native will be gifted with all noble qualities, will be pure, clever, longlived sympathetic and wealthy, will be blessed with children, will be widely renowned and will enjoy royal comforts.

16. Note the Rasi of Mandi at birth and also where the lord of that Rasi is posited. The Ascendant at birth will be in a house 5th or 9th to that of the aforesaid lord or one triangular to the Navamsa occupied by the lord of the Rasi representing the Navamsa occupied by the Mandi. It may be triangular to the Navamsa Rasi occupied by Gulika. But if the Moon be strong, the Ascendant should be ascertained similarly through the Moon and not through Mandi.

17. The person concerned will be gifted with attractive appearance and good qualities, if the Moon be in his own Drekkana or a friend's decanate. If the Moon has attained an Uttama varga, the native will be fortunate. If she is posited elsewhere, the native will be endowed with qualities belonging to the planet who is the lord of the Moon's sign. Planets that are in their own Trimsamsa will do all that has ascribed to them as Karakas.

The native will be wealthy like a king if there be at least one planet in his own exaltation house aspected by or associated with a friendly planet.

18-19. A planet is called Pradeepta (blazing) when he is in his sign of exaltation. He is Sukhita (happy) when he is in Moolatrikona Rasi. He is called Swastha (healthy) when he is in his own sign. He is Mudita (delighted) in a friendly house. He is Shanta (calm) when he has attained the varga of a benefic planet. He is Shakta (capable) when he shines brightly (not combust by being near the Sun). A planet is Vikala (distressed) when he is combust. He is Nlpidita (troubled-tortured) when he is overcome in the planetary war by another planet. He is Khala (base) when he is in the varga of a malefic. He is Sudukhit (exceedingly unhappy), he is Atibheeta (very afraid) when he is in his sign of debilitation.

20. The planet in Pradeepta Avastha gives good effects In full. They will be nil when he is In Vikala Avastha. In the intervening Avasthas the auspicious effects will be decreasing proportionately and the inauspicious effects will correspondingly increase. The Avasthas of the planet will determine the effects according to the names given to them.

The good or bad effects in various Avasthas are approximately as given below: —

Pradeepta — 100 per cent good. Sukhita — 80 per cent good. Swastha — 75 per cent good. Mudita — 60 per cent good. Shanto — 50 per cent good. Shakta — 40 per cent good. Nipidita—40 per cent bad. Khata—50 per cent bad. Sudukhito—60 per cent bad. Attbheeta—75 per cent bad. Vikala—100 per cent bad.

The planets in good avasthas yield favourable effects in their Dasas and Antardasas. The reverse is the case with planets in adverse avasthas.

Thus ends the third chapter on "Divisions of the Zodiac" in Phaladeepika composed by Mantreswara.

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Author: อ.ณภัทร ศรีจักรนารท (AstroNeemo)

福安居士 Line @astroneemo

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